string operations

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Can't Log On to Windows XP?

If that’s your only problem, then you probably have nothing to worry about. As long as you have your Windows XP CD, you can get back into your system using a simple but effective method made possible by a little known access hole in Windows XP.

This method is easy enough for newbies to follow – it doesn’t require using the Recovery Console or any complicated commands. And it’s free - I mention that because you can pay two hundred dollars for an emergency download of Winternals ERD with Locksmith which is a utility for unlocking lost Windows passwords. See here http://www.winternals.com/products/repairandrecovery/locksmith.asp

ERD is an excellent multi purpose product, but you should know it is not a necessary one if you have a healthy system and your sole problem is the inability to logon to Windows due to a forgotten password. Not necessary because you can easily change or wipe out your Administrator password for free during a Windows XP Repair. Here’s how with a step-by-step description of the initial Repair process included for newbie’s.

1. Place your Windows XP CD in your cd-rom and start your computer (it’s assumed here that your XP CD is bootable – as it should be - and that you have your bios set to boot from CD)

2. Keep your eye on the screen messages for booting to your cd Typically, it will be “Press any key to boot from cd”

3. Once you get in, the first screen will indicate that Setup is inspecting your system and loading files.

4. When you get to the Welcome to Setup screen, press ENTER to Setup Windows now

5. The Licensing Agreement comes next - Press F8 to accept it.

6. The next screen is the Setup screen which gives you the option to do a Repair.

It should read something like “If one of the following Windows XP installations is damaged, Setup can try to repair it”

Use the up and down arrow keys to select your XP installation (if you only have one, it should already be selected) and press R to begin the Repair process.

7. Let the Repair run. Setup will now check your disks and then start copying files which can take several minutes.

8. Shortly after the Copying Files stage, you will be required to reboot. (this will happen automatically – you will see a progress bar stating “Your computer will reboot in 15 seconds”

9. During the reboot, do not make the mistake of “pressing any key” to boot from the CD again! Setup will resume automatically with the standard billboard screens and you will notice Installing Windows is highlighted.

10. Keep your eye on the lower left hand side of the screen and when you see the Installing Devices progress bar, press SHIFT + F10. This is the security hole! A command console will now open up giving you the potential for wide access to your system.

11. At the prompt, type NUSRMGR.CPL and press Enter. Voila! You have just gained graphical access to your User Accounts in the Control Panel.

12. Now simply pick the account you need to change and remove or change your password as you prefer. If you want to log on without having to enter your new password, you can type control userpasswords2 at the prompt and choose to log on without being asked for password. After you’ve made your changes close the windows, exit the command box and continue on with the Repair (have your Product key handy).

13. Once the Repair is done, you will be able to log on with your new password (or without a password if you chose not to use one or if you chose not to be asked for a password). Your programs and personalized settings should remain intact.

I tested the above on Windows XP Pro with and without SP1 and also used this method in a real situation where someone could not remember their password and it worked like a charm to fix the problem. This security hole allows access to more than just user accounts. You can also access the Registry and Policy Editor, for example. And its gui access with mouse control. Of course, a Product Key will be needed to continue with the Repair after making the changes, but for anyone intent on gaining access to your system, this would be no problem.

And in case you are wondering, NO, you cannot cancel install after making the changes and expect to logon with your new password.

Cancelling will just result in Setup resuming at bootup and your changes will be lost.

Ok, now that your logon problem is fixed, you should make a point to prevent it from ever happening again by creating a Password Reset Disk. This is a floppy disk you can use in the event you ever forget your log on password. It allows you to set a new password.

Here's how to create one if your computer is NOT on a domain:

• Go to the Control Panel and open up User Accounts.
• Choose your account (under Pick An Account to Change) and under Related Tasks, click "Prevent a forgotten password".
• This will initiate a wizard.
• Click Next and then insert a blank formatted floppy disk into your A: drive.
• Click Next and enter your logon password in the password box.
• Click Next to begin the creation of your Password disk.
• Once completed, label and save the disk to a safe place

How to Log on to your PC Using Your Password Reset Disk

Start your computer and at the logon screen, click your user name and leave the password box blank or just type in anything. This will bring up a Logon Failure box and you will then see the option to use your Password Reset disk to create a new password. Click it which will initiate the Password Reset wizard. Insert your password reset disk into your floppy drive and follow the wizard which will let you choose a new password to use for your account.

Note: If your computer is part of a domain, the procedure for creating a password disk is different.

See here for step by step instructions: http://support.microsoft.com/default.aspx?scid=KB;en-us;306214&

Tips to Avoid Exhaustion Due to Continuous Studying

Are you determined to crack those big exams you are preparing for?
You sure must be studying for at least ten hours then. However, after
studying for ten hours are you not exhausted? During the initial days
of studying ten hours would not exhaust you but as the time passes by,
your mind must start to get a little tired. You might try to give
your full attention to studying in those initial days but after some
more days, even that try would not be worth it. Gradually your mind
starts daydreaming about things that you enjoy.>>>
Read complete article >>
http://www.careeran swers.in/ view-article. php?aid=39

c arguments evaluation

I just explained this to a friend today, and thought this might make an interesting blog posting:
#include

int main( int argc, const char * argv[] )
{
char theText[2] = { 'A', 'B' };
char* myString = theText;
printf( "%c, %c\n", *(++myString), *myString );

return 0;
}
The above code is platform-dependent in C. Yes, you read correctly: platform dependent. And I'm not nitpicking that this may cause a problem if your compiler is old or that some compiler may not have printf() or the POSIX standard.
This code is platform-dependent, because the C standard says that there is no guarantee in which order the parameters of a function call get evaluated. So, if you run the above code, it could print B, B (which most of you probably expected because it corresponds to our left-to-right reading order) or it could print B, A.
If you want to test this and you own an Intel Mac, you can do the following thanks to Rosetta's PowerPC emulation: Create a new "Standard Tool" project in Xcode and paste the above code into the main.c file. Switch to "Release" and change "Architectures" in the build settings for the release build configuration to be "ppc". Build and Run. It'll print B, B. Now change the architecture to "i386" and build and run again. It'll print B, A.
So, why doesn't C define an order? Why did anyone think such odd behaviour was a good idea? Well, to explain that, we'll have to look at what your computer does under the hood to execute a function call. In general, there are two steps: First, the parameters are evaluated and stored in some standardized place where the called function can find them, and then the processor "jumps" to the first command in the new function and starts executing it.
Some CPUs have registers inside the CPU, which are little variables that can hold short values, and which can be accessed a lot quicker than actually going over to a RAM chip and fetching a value. There are different registers for different kinds of values. Many CPUs have separate registers for floating-point numbers and integers. And just like with RAM, it's sometimes faster to access these registers in a certain order.
So, it may be faster to first evaluate all integer-value parameters, and then those that contain floating-point values. Depending on what physical CPU your computer has (or in the case of Rosetta, what characteristics the emulated CPU your code is being run on has), these performance characteristics may be different. Some CPUs may have so few registers that the parameters will always have to be passed in RAM. Others may put larger parameters in RAM and smaller ones in registers, others again may put the first couple parameters in registers (maybe even distributing a longer parameter across several registers), and the rest that don't fit in RAM, etc.
So, to make sure C can be made to run that little bit faster on any of these CPUs, its designers decided not to enforce an order for execution of parameters. And that's one of the dangers of writing code in C++ or Objective C: It may look like a high-level language, but underneath it is still a portable assembler, with platform-dependencies like this.

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welcome

Hi Friends,
I want share ideas.